Paul Citroen (1896-1983)

Aliases: Roelof Paul Citroen; Paul Citroën; P. Aretino; Paul

Professions: Painter; Photographer

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  Paul Citroen

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  Paul Citroen (Dutch, 1896-1983)

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  Paul Citroen (1896-1983)

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Paul Citroen Biography

(b Berlin, 15 Dec 1896; d Wassenaar, 13 March 1983). Dutch photographer, photomontagist and painter, active also in Germany. He belonged to the DADA group in Berlin and was a friend of George Grosz, Raoul Hausmann, John Heartfield and Erwin Blumenfeld. From 1922 to 1925 he was associated with the Bauhaus in Weimar, producing during this period the photocollage Metropolis (1923; Leiden, Rijksuniv.), the single work for which he remains best known, and which has become a classic image of the 20th-century city. His period at the Bauhaus clearly helped shape his photographic style, his photomontages in particular betraying the influence of both Dada and Constructivism. In 1927 he moved to the Netherlands, founding and then teaching at the Nieuwe Kunstschool in Amsterdam (1933–7). From 1935 to 1940, and again from 1945 to 1960, he was professor of drawing and painting at the Academie voor Beeldenden Kunsten in The Hague. He continued to work as both a painter and photographer without ever recapturing the fame that he had enjoyed with his work of the 1920s.

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