Otto Freundlich (1878-1943)

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  Otto Freundlich (1878-1943)

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  Otto FREUNDLICH (1878-1943) COMPOSITION, 1937 Gouache sur papier

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  Otto Freundlich (1878-1943)

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  OTTO FREUNDLICH

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Otto Freundlich Biography

(b Stolp [now Stupsk, Poland], 10 July 1878; d Maidanek concentration camp, nr Lublin, 9 March 1943). German painter, sculptor, stained-glass designer and writer. He studied art history (1903–4) in Berlin and Munich. After a visit to Florence (1905–6), he began to experiment with sculpture and studied with Lothar von Kunowski (b 1866) in Berlin (1907–8). He spent 1908–9 in Paris, where he met Picasso, Braque and Gris. Between 1910 and 1914 he divided his time between Paris, Berlin and Cologne: from 1910 he participated in the exhibitions of the Berlin Secession and from 1913 had contacts with the Sturm-Galerie in Berlin. His expressive early works included both sculptures and flat, geometric paintings (e.g. Composition with Figure , 1911; Pontoise, Mus. Pontoise). Having spent World War I in Cologne, from 1918 to 1924 he lived in Berlin, where he was one of the founder-members of the Novembergruppe in 1918, and contributed to the radical newspaper Die Aktion: Zeitschrift für Freiheitliche Politik und Literatur Aktion . In 1920 Walter Gropius tried to make him a teacher with the Bauhaus, but this was opposed by the faculty. In 1924 he moved to Paris but maintained his German contacts, writing in 1929 as a correspondent for the newspapers published by the artists’ group Die Progressiven in Cologne. In 1931 he was one of the first members of the group Abstraction–Création in Paris, where he then opened his own private academy.

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