This hand-colored lithograph is from Lionel Walter Rothschild's "The Avifauna of Laysan and the Neighbouring Islands: with a Complete History to Date of the Birds of the Hawaiian Possessions". The work was published in London by Taylor & Francis for R.H. Porter between 1893 and 1900. All of the plates were by and after the work of J. G. Keulemans & F. W. Frohawk. The work was a landmarks study on the birds of the Hawaiian Islands (Sandwich Islands) with only 250 copies published. It was one of the first illustrated accounts of Hawaiian birds, which featured some now extinct birds. The work was based on the collecting of Henry Palmer. Palmer procured all the known land-birds and most of the sea-birds on Laysan including fifteen species new to the scientific world. Provenance: Ex-libris of Clifton S. Weaver (1917-1992), Hawaiian amateur malacologist, with his name having been gilt-stamped on a leaf inserted to the work.
This hand-colored lithograph is from Lionel Walter Rothschild's "The Avifauna of Laysan and the Neighbouring Islands: with a Complete History to Date of the Birds of the Hawaiian Possessions". The work was published in London by Taylor & Francis for R.H. Porter between 1893 and 1900. All of the plates were by and after the work of J. G. Keulemans & F. W. Frohawk. The work was a landmarks study on the birds of the Hawaiian Islands (Sandwich Islands) with only 250 copies published. It was one of the first illustrated accounts of Hawaiian birds, which featured some now extinct birds. The work was based on the collecting of Henry Palmer. Palmer procured all the known land-birds and most of the sea-birds on Laysan including fifteen species new to the scientific world. Provenance: Ex-libris of Clifton S. Weaver (1917-1992), Hawaiian amateur malacologist, with his name having been gilt-stamped on a leaf inserted to the work.
Included in this lot: Celebes Brown-throated Sunbird Little Spider Hunter Tenasserim Yellow-backed Sunbird Burmese Yellow-backed Sunbird Description of the work: This vibrant, originally hand-colored lithograph is from George Ernest Shelley's A Monograph of The Nectariniidae or Family of Sun-Birds. The work was published by the author in London between 1876 and 1880. This is a first edition lithograph with "excellent hand-colored plates" (Zimmer). Only 250 copies of the work were every published. The illustrations were by the celebrated J. G. Keulemans. Shelley noted his contribution and exceptional artistry, as well as incorporated his notes on the sunbirds of Prince's Island into the text. Shelley noted, "The illustrations which form such an important portion of my Monograph, have all been executed by Mr. Keulemans, whose name is sufficient guarantee for the accuracy of the details and for high artistic skill. The latter is rendered perhaps more striking from his being acquainted with this family of birds in their native haunts; and his notes upon the sun-birds inhabiting Prince's Island have been incorporated in my work".
Included in this lot: Monarch Flycatcher [Chasiempis Sandwichensis, C. Gayi] Nests of Laysan Finch & Rail [Telespiza Flavissima & Porzanula Palmeri] Description of the work: This hand-colored lithograph is from Lionel Walter Rothschild's "The Avifauna of Laysan and the Neighbouring Islands: with a Complete History to Date of the Birds of the Hawaiian Possessions". The work was published in London by Taylor & Francis for R.H. Porter between 1893 and 1900. All of the plates were by and after the work of J. G. Keulemans & F. W. Frohawk. The work was a landmarks study on the birds of the Hawaiian Islands (Sandwich Islands) with only 250 copies published. It was one of the first illustrated accounts of Hawaiian birds, which featured some now extinct birds. The work was based on the collecting of Henry Palmer. Palmer procured all the known land-birds and most of the sea-birds on Laysan including fifteen species new to the scientific world. Provenance: Ex-libris of Clifton S. Weaver (1917-1992), Hawaiian amateur malacologist, with his name having been gilt-stamped on a leaf inserted to the work.
Included in this lot: 'Ekupu'u or Laysan Finch [Telespiza Cantans] Thrush [Phaeornis Obscura, P. Myiadestina, P. Lanaiensis] Description of the work: This hand-colored lithograph is from Lionel Walter Rothschild's "The Avifauna of Laysan and the Neighbouring Islands: with a Complete History to Date of the Birds of the Hawaiian Possessions". The work was published in London by Taylor & Francis for R.H. Porter between 1893 and 1900. All of the plates were by and after the work of J. G. Keulemans & F. W. Frohawk. The work was a landmarks study on the birds of the Hawaiian Islands (Sandwich Islands) with only 250 copies published. It was one of the first illustrated accounts of Hawaiian birds, which featured some now extinct birds. The work was based on the collecting of Henry Palmer. Palmer procured all the known land-birds and most of the sea-birds on Laysan including fifteen species new to the scientific world. Provenance: Ex-libris of Clifton S. Weaver (1917-1992), Hawaiian amateur malacologist, with his name having been gilt-stamped on a leaf inserted to the work.
Attributed to Johannes Gerardus Keulemans (1842-1912), Dutch School, Watercolours, Two ornithological studies framed together comprising The Squacco Heron and The Rufous Warbler. Titled in pencil Ardea Ralloides, and Aedon Galactodes. Studies for illustrations in William Borrer's The Birds of Sussex. Each illustration approx. 7" x 5"
Attributed to Johannes Gerardus Keulemans (1842-1912), Dutch School, Watercolours, Two ornithological studies framed together comprising The Honey Buzzard and The Aquatic Warbler. Titled in pencil Perrus Apivorus and .. Aquaticus. Studies for illustrations in William Borrer's The Birds of Sussex. Each illustration approx. 7" x 5"
Attributed to Johannes Gerardus Keulemans (1842-1912), Dutch School, Watercolours, Two ornithological studies framed together comprising The Honey Buzzard and The Aquatic Warbler. Titled in pencil Perrus Apivorus and .. Aquaticus. Studies for illustrations in William Borrer's The Birds of Sussex. Each illustration approx. 7" x 5"
Attributed to Johannes Gerardus Keulemans (1842-1912), Dutch School, Watercolours, Two ornithological studies framed together comprising The Squacco Heron and The Rufous Warbler. Titled in pencil Ardea Ralloides, and Aedon Galactodes. Studies for illustrations in William Borrer's The Birds of Sussex. Each illustration approx. 7" x 5"
Johannes Gerardus Keulemans (1842-1912), Dutch School, Watercolours, Two ornithological studies framed together comprising The Nutcracker and The Gyrfalcon. Titled in pencil Nucifraga Caryocatactes, and F. Gyrfalco. Gyrfalcon bird illustration signed with initials JGK lower. Studies for illustrations in William Borrer's The Birds of Sussex. Each illustration approx. 7 1/4" x 5"
KEULEMANS, Johannes Gerardus (Dutch, 1842-1912). Scops Owl. Watercolor and pencil on paper. Signed with initials lower right: "JGK" 6 1/2" x 4 1/2" sheet, 16" x 14 1/4" framed. Literature: Lilford, Thomas Littleton Powys, 4th Baron (1833-1896), "Coloured Figures of the Birds of the British Islands", London: Taylor and Francis, for R.H. Porter, 1895-97, vol. I, pl. 47.
KEULEMANS, Johannes Gerardus (Dutch, 1842-1912). Banded Kaka, and Variety. Watercolor on paper, heightened with white and gum arabic. Signed and dated lower left in monogram: "JGK 1904". For Walter Lawry Buller, Supplement to The birds of New Zealand, London (1905), vol 2, pl. VIII. 20 1/2" x 16 5/8" visible, 28 1/2" x 24 5/8" framed. The New Zealand kaka (N. meridionalis, Gmelin, 1788) is a parrot species that is closely related to the kea. The first and most striking feature is the difference in plumage color of the two birds. As opposed to depicting the wild-type, Buller choose illustrate a kaka variety, one with a yellow belly and a very light colored one, a lutino. It is not surprising that John Gould described these uniquely colored birds as separate species, as being Nestor esslingi in his to his superb folio work on The Birds of Australia. In his third edition, for which Keulemans in 1904 made this superb watercolor, Buller treats it correctly as a mutation of the highly variable Nestor meridionalis, even though he describes these birds in a separate chapter, as the "yellow-belted kaka". Back in the day kaka with exceptional plumage were scarce, and due to the high price that could be fetched with these birds, they are nowadays nowhere to be found. Like the kea, Keulemans knows how to position the birds in order to gain an interaction with the viewer. One of the most challenging artistic choices is the posture of the second bird's head; not one, but both eyes stare at you. Here as well, Keulemans shows his masterful skills in his illustration of birds. ---------- One of the foremost ornithological illustrators of the nineteenth-century, John Gerrard Keulemans, has received less recognition than is his due simply because he rarely published his own books, but rather contributed to a number of the most notable bird books of the time. Dutch by origin, he was one of a select band of continental European bird and animal artists to be attracted to England during the middle and latter half of the nineteenth century. Throughout his acclaimed career, his distinctive and exquisitely rendered bird illustrations graced publications including Daniel Giraud Elliots monographs on the pheasants and hornbills, Henry Eeles Dressers History of the Birds of Europe, Bowdler Sharpes monograph on kingfishers, and George E. Shelleys on sunbirds, as well as his own Natural History of the Cage Birds. Keulemans executed and lithographed more than one hundred plates for the British Museum Catalogue of Birds, attesting to his extraordinary diversity and ability to depict birds of widely different species from parrots to birds of prey. His illustrations of birds for works related to geographic regions are equally diverse, covering Great Britain, Europe, Abyssinia, Australia, New Zealand, India, South Africa, and Central America. Born in Rotterdam in 1842, Keulemans worked for several years at the Leyden Museum. Like his fellow artist Josef Wolf, he was encouraged by the influential Professor Hermann Schlegel, who gave him several important commissions. Like other protegés of Professor Schlegel, he was soon lured away by Londons outstanding opportunities, which was then the center for ornithological publications. John Gould had provided the first commissions for Wolf in London, and it was Goulds friend Richard Bowdler Sharpe who was responsible for luring Keulemans to England in 1869. By the turn of the century, any author of a bird-book requiring an illustrator almost automatically thought first of Keulemans. Although many of the publications that Keulemans contributed to were ostensibly documentary, his magnificent illustrations inevitably transcended mere science, distinguished by their glorious color and sophisticated compositions. Keulemanss original work is scarce, and only in his watercolors can one attain a full understanding of his mastery as an ornithological artist. Some Keulemans original watercolors are in the collection of the British Museum or other institutions, and few become available to private collectors. This magnificent watercolor represents a valuable and unusual opportunity to attain an original work by one of the foremost bird artists working in Victorian Britain.
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
This delightful, originally hand-colored bird lithograph is from J. G. Keuleman's Onze Vogels in Huis en Tuin. The work was published in Leyden (Leiden), Netherlands by P. W. M. Trap between 1869 and 1876. Keulemans created the original drawings and lithographed outlines, with Trap completing the lithography. Keulemans colored the plates by hand himself - "A collection of colored prints of various birds by a celebrated artist. Keulemans not only lithographed the original outlines but afterwards colored them by hand." (Wood 416) John Gerrard Keulemans (1842-1912) is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. According to Jackson (Bird Illustrators, p. 90) “The great value of Keulemans' work as an ornithological draughtsman lay in his sureness of design of the plate and his accuracy in portraying the birds themselves. The bird figures were carefully drawn and executed down to the last scales on the feet. The feathering was neatly delineated with the different plumes receiving sympathetic treatment.” Provenance: The Ken Harte Collection of Natural History
Two engravings from Brown including Great Ceylonese Eared Owl Crested Cardinal This originally hand-colored engraving is from Peter Brown's New Illustrations of Zoology, Containing fifty coloured plates of new, curious, and non-descript birds, with a few quadrupeds, reptiles, and insects. Together with a short and scientific description of the same. The title reads in French, Nouvelles Illustrations de Zoologie, Contenant Cinquante Planches Enluminées d'Oiseaux Curieux, Et Qui Non Étés Jamais Descrits, Et Quelques de Quadrupèdes, de Reptiles Et d'Insectes, Avec de Courtes Descriptions Systématiques). This is the first edition published in London by Benjamin Wright in 1776. The engravings were printed by William Bowyer and John Nichols. The engravings will typically include a text page that features titles and text in parallel French and English. Most of the engravings from the work also show the signature P. Brown or Peter Brown. Some of the plates from it are dated to early 1775. Brown based his drawings upon the collections of Marmaduke Tunstall, Thomas Pennant, the Royal Museum, and the Royal Society. His work also included 20 plates based upon drawings by Pieter Cornelis de Bevere, a native of Ceylon (Sri Lanka), who observed the collection of John Gideon Loten, Ceylon's Dutch East India administrator. Thomas Pennant contributed most of the text for the work. There are animals illustrated in the work from South Carolina, Florida, Surinam, Brazil, Jamaica, Angola, Ceylon (Sri Lanka), and Java. Two Toucan engravings from Martinet & Buffon: This magnificent, copperplate engraving featured here displays remarkable, original hand-coloring. It is from Francois Martinet's work with Buffon Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux. The work was published between 1765 and 1780 by Edme Louis Daubenton in France. Each plate features a delicate yellow border, which many believe led to the development of French matting. Each plate is on fine chain-linked, watermarked paper. Martinet was a prominent ornithological artist of the 1700s. He work closely with Count Georges-Louis Leclerc du Buffon on Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux. The work is considered one of the most influential bird books of all time. Martinet also created work for Marmontel, Voltaire, and Philidor. Fringilline Lory from Mivart & Keulemans: This hand-colored lithograph is A Monograph of the Lories, or Brush-tongued Parrots. The work was authored by St. George Jackson Mivart and the celebrated John Gerrard Keulemans provided the images. This first edition, first issue was published in London by R. H. Porter in 1896. Keulemans is one of the most respected bird artists whose images were noted for their fine detail. He contributed to some of the best known ornithological works including those of Elliot, Buller, Dresser, and The Ibis. A Monograph of the Lories, according to Sacheverell Sitwell (writing in Fine Birds Books), included Keulemans 'best work'. The artist shows a masterful grasp of composition, balancing the need to show the birds in characteristic pose, whilst giving the maximum amount of information about the beautiful plummage that is so typical of the Loriidae family, but without losing sight of the importance of retaining the harmony of the image as a whole. The author, Mivart, describes the Loriidae family as 'a very attractive group of rather small birds' varying 'from the size of a Turtle-Dove to about that of a Sparrow', and consisting 'of 75 more or less distinct species. The family is remarkable for its brilliancy and gay coloration', and its friendliness: 'Some of them will spontaneously approach human dwellings, and most of them make excellent pets'. Their feeding habits are a special feature: 'The lories are very choice feeders, living as they do on the nectars and pollen of flowers. Their tongue is very remarkable, as it is formed as a kind of brush, which is no doubt destined to extract the nectar'. Cf. Fine Bird Books (1990) p.94; cf.T.Keulemans & J.Coldewey. Feathers to Brush p.64; cf.Nissen IVB 640; cf.Wood p.468; cf.Zimmer p.439 Mottled Owl, Lark, Creeper, & Warbler. 19 Hawk, Chuck-wills-widow, & Warblers. 54 From Wilson: This exceptional originally hand-colored engraving is from Alexander Wilson’s American Ornithology; or the Natural History of the Birds of the United States; Plates Engraved and Colored from Original Drawings Taken from Nature. This edition was published in 1871 in Philadelphia by Porter & Coates. Alexander Wilson is known as the “Father of American Ornithology.” He spent a decade traversing the Eastern United States studying the birds and discovered 26 previously unknown species. Wilson’s work, American Ornithology, was the first focused on only American birds. Scientist and historian Dr. Elliott Coues noted of Wilson's work, "Perhaps no other work on ornithology of equal extent is equally free from error, and its truthfulness is illuminated by a spark of the 'fire divine'." Wilson drew most of the birds for the work himself and employed Alexander Lawson and John G. Warnicke for the engraving. Wilson died in 1813 and his friend George Ord made it to press. Prince Charles Lucien Bonaparte (Napoleon's nephew, who took refuge in America after his defeat, undertook the supplement to the work, which was completed in 1833. Frank L. Burns, in his bibliography of Wilson, writing of the present edition, notes that it is "a reprint of Ord's fine 1828-29 edition, with the interpolation of Baird's Catalogue of North American Birds, reprinted from the 8vo edition of 1858, and the addition of Bonaparte's work. The original plates of Wilson's work were purchased at a cost of $1700, but as Bonaparte's beautiful plates had been melted and sold for old copper, resource was made to photography and electrotyping to reproduce the latter." (rank L. Burns, "Alexander Wilson. [Part] VII: Biographies, Portraits, and a Bibliography of the Various Editions of his Works")
