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Lot 70: George Inness (1825-1894), "Twilight," 1889

Est: $15,000 USD - $20,000 USDSold:
John Moran AuctioneersMonrovia, CA, USMay 07, 2024

Item Overview

Description

George Inness
(1825-1894)
"Twilight," 1889
Oil on canvas laid to canvas
Signed lower left: G. Inness

Dimensions

30" H x 45" W

Artist or Maker

Medium

Oil on canvas laid to canvas

Condition Report

Visual: It appears that the painted surface has evidence of extensive cleaning, and occurred prior to 1978 according to the current owner. Slight varnish discoloration as well as delicate, stable craquelure throughout. The canvas has been relined and the original tacking edges removed.

Blacklight: Extensive touch-ups throughout and a heavy masking varnish.

Frame: 37" H x 52" W x 3.5". Appears to be the original frame containing exhibition labels


Condition reports are offered as a courtesy and are typically published in Moran's catalogue or can be made available upon request. The absence of a condition report does not imply that an item is free from defects or restoration, nor does a reference to particular defects imply the absence of others. Buyers are responsible for determining to their own satisfaction the true nature and condition of any lot prior to bidding. Though buyers are not legally required to inspect lots prior to purchase, failure to do so may constitute a waiver of complaint that an item was not delivered in a condition equal to the existent condition at the auction.

Exhibited

New York, NY, American Fine Arts Society, "Exhibition of the Paintings Left by the Late George Inness," December 27, 1894
New York, NY, New York School of Applied Design for Women, "Exhibition of Thirty-Eight Paintings by the Late George Inness, N.A. from the Ainslie Collection and Others," April 6-May 6, 1912, no. 2
New York, NY, New York School of Applied Design for Women, "Summer Exhibition of Paintings by the Late George Inness and a Few Examples by A. H. Wyant from the George H. Ainslie Collection," June-September 1912, no. 13
Detroit, MI, Detroit Museum of Art [now the Detroit Institute of Arts], "Retrospective and Comparative Exhibition of Paintings by the Late George Inness and . . . The Late A. H. Wyant from the George H. Ainslie Collection," 1913, no. 23
Rochester, New York, NY, The Memorial Art Gallery, "Exhibition of Paintings by George Inness, N.A., Alexander H. Wyant, N.A., Aston Knight," 1914, no. 18
St. Louis, MS, St. Louis, City Art Museum," An Exhibition of Paintings by George Inness, N.A., and Alexander H. Wyant, N.A.," 1914, no. 19.
Oakland, CA, Oakland Museum Art Department, "George Inness Landscapes: His Signature Years, 1884-1894," November 28, 1978-January 28, 1979
Jacksonville, FL, The Cummer Gallery [aka The Cummer Museum of Art & Gardens], "George Inness in Florida, 1890-1894, and the South," April 11-May 25, 1980, no. 39

Literature

"Chicago Post," February 19, 1910, p. 6.
James William Pattison, "Paintings by American Artists," "Fine Arts Journal," vol. 29, no. 4 (October 1913): pp. 618, 621, no. 4, illustrated.
George Inness, Jr., "Life, Art, and Letters of George Inness," (New York: The Century Co., 1917), pp. 116, 278, illustrated.
Leroy Ireland, D.B. Goodall, and R.G. McIntyre, "The Works of George Inness: An Illustrated Catalogue Raisonné" (Austin: University of Texas, 1965), p. 325, no. 1290, illustrated.
"Art in America," vol. 63, no. 6, (November-December 1975): pp. 36-37, illustrated.
R. H. Love Galleries, "A Selection of American Paintings" (Chicago: R. H. Love Galleries, 1977), pp. 25, 61, no. 32, illustrated.
Michael Quick, "George Inness: A Catalogue Raisonné, Volume Two" (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 2007), p. 248, no. 958, illustrated.

Provenance

Estate of the artist
Sold: Fifth Avenue Art Galleries, New York, NY, February 13, 1895, Lot 133
Samuel Putnam Avery, Jr., New York, NY, acquired from the above
George H. Ainslie, Esq., New York, NY, by February 1912
Ralph Cudney, Chicago, by 1917
Estate of the above
Babcock Galleries, New York, NY, circa 1936-1950
Leroy Ireland, New York, NY, circa 1950-1957
Sold: Parke-Bernet Galleries, New York, NY, March 13, 1957, Lot 75
Rufus Napoleon Garrett, El Dorado, AR
Floyd Norris, Covington, LA
R. H. Love Galleries, Chicago, IL, by 1975
The Moss Collection, Chicago, IL, by 1978

Notes

This painting has an alternate title, "Twilight (After the Shower)." The 1889 date comes from its listing as item no.2 in the spring 1912 New York exhibition catalogue mentioned above. This lot is accompanied by two books, "The Works of George Inness: An Illustrated Catalog Raisonne," by LeRoy Ireland, and "Library of American Art: Life, Art, and Letters of George Inness," by George Inness, Jr.

To truly appreciate the depth and colors in this painting, it should be properly lit.

George Inness's artistic legacy is one of profound introspection and spiritual resonance, with his painting "Twilight" standing as a testament to his mastery of Tonalism and his ability to evoke the sublime through landscape art.

Exemplifying his Transcendentalist Period, Inness's "Twilight" is more than a mere visual representation; it is an intimate experience, a gateway into the serene and the spiritual. The painting invites the viewer to step into a world where the boundaries between the physical and the ethereal are blurred, where the fading light of day beckons to a realm of tranquility. It is in this context that we recall the words of Ralph Cudney, a previous owner of "Twilight," who found a personal connection with the work:

"In this one, 'Twilight,' I feel as though I, and not the girl on the canvas, am going for the cows crossing that log that spans the brook. Yes, there is something in these canvases of Inness that fills me with a sense of rest." (G. Inness Jr., George Inness: Life, Art and Letters, 1917, New York, p. 278).

Cudney's reflection encapsulates the immersive quality of Inness's art; it is a shared experience between the artist, the subject, and the viewer. The painting becomes a mirror, reflecting our own longing for peace and a harmonious existence with nature.

Inness's work is often seen as a spiritual dialogue, with "Twilight" serving as a statement in this ongoing conversation. The lone female figure in the painting, as Cudney poignantly observes, is not just a subject within the landscape but a representation of humanity's journey through the temporal world, seeking connection with the divine. This spiritual quest is a recurring theme in Inness's oeuvre, inspired by his Swedenborgian beliefs and his conviction that art could bridge the gap between the tangible and the spiritual realms.

"Twilight" remains a pivotal work in understanding George Inness's artistic and philosophical vision. It is a painting that transcends time, inviting each viewer to find their own sense of rest within the scene. As we reflect on Cudney's words, we are reminded of the universal appeal of Inness's landscapes and their ability to speak to the deepest parts of our being. Inness's legacy is one of beauty and contemplation, and "Twilight" is a shining example of his profound impact on American art.

Payment & Shipping

Payment

Accepted forms of payment: ACH, American Express, Discover, MasterCard, Money Order / Cashiers Check, Personal Check, Visa, Wire Transfer

Shipping

Shipping. As a courtesy to buyers, Moran provides a list of preferred shippers who are in the business of transporting antiques and works of art. Buyers are responsible for arranging their own shipping estimates and deliveries. Moran, in its sole discretion and as a courtesy to buyers, may arrange to have purchased lots packed, insured, and forwarded by a third-party shipper at the request, expense, and risk of the buyer. In circumstances where Moran arranges for such third-party services, Moran may apply an administration charge of 15% of that service fee. Moran assumes no responsibility for acts or omissions in such packing or shipping by other packers or carriers, even if recommended by Moran. Moran also assumes no responsibility for any damage to picture frames or to the glass therein.

Auction Details

California and American Fine Art

by
John Moran Auctioneers
May 07, 2024, 12:00 PM PST

145 East Walnut Avenue, Monrovia, CA, 91016, US

Terms

Live bidding may start higher or lower

Buyer's Premium

$0 - 1,000,000:32.0%
$1,000,001 - 5,000,000:26.0%
$5,000,001+:20.0%

Bidding Increments

From:To:Increment:
$0$499$25
$500$999$50
$1,000$1,999$100
$2,000$4,999$250
$5,000$9,999$500
$10,000$19,999$1,000
$20,000$49,999$2,500
$50,000$99,999$5,000
$100,000$199,999$10,000
$200,000$499,999$25,000
$500,000$999,999$50,000
$1,000,000+$100,000

CONDITIONS OF SALE

TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE

These Terms and Conditions of Sale ("Terms") set out the terms by which the sale or purchase of property at auction through John Moran Auctioneers, Inc. ("Moran") will be governed. These Terms constitute a legal and binding agreement between You and Moran.

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b. Buyer's Responsibility. Buyers are responsible for determining to their own satisfaction the true nature and condition of any lot prior to bidding. Though buyers are not legally required to inspect lots prior to purchase, failure to do so may constitute a waiver of complaint that an item was not delivered in a condition equal to the existent condition at the auction.
c. Property Sold "As Is": Neither Moran nor the seller provides any guarantee in relation to the nature of the property, or to any errors or omissions in the catalogue or supplemental material, apart from the Limited Warranty stated in Section 5 below. ALL PROPERTY IS SOLD "AS IS." Condition reports are offered as a courtesy and are typically published in Moran's catalogue, or online, or can be made available upon request. The absence of a condition report does not imply that an item is free from defects or restoration, nor does reference to particular defects imply the absence of others.

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e. Reserves. Unless Moran expressly indicates otherwise, lots may be offered subject to a reserve, which is the confidential minimum price below which the lot will not be sold. The reserve for any lot shall not exceed its published estimate. Moran shall act to protect the reserve by bidding through the auctioneer, who may open bidding on any lot below the reserve by placing a bid on the seller's behalf. The auctioneer may continue to bid on behalf of the seller up to the reserve amount, either by placing consecutive bids or by placing bids in response to other bidders. Lots without reserves are typically opened for bidding at 50% of their low estimate. In the absence of a bid at that level, the auctioneer may proceed backward at their discretion or deem the lot unsold if a bid is not recognized.

4. AFTER THE AUCTION
a. Payment and Title Transfer. The buyer agrees to pay the sum of the hammer price plus Buyer's Premium, plus any applicable sales tax. The Buyer's Premium will be calculated as follows: 27% on the first $1,000,000 of the hammer price, plus 21% on any amount between $1,000,001 and $5,000,000, and 15% on any amount above $5,000,000 when paying by cash, check, or wire transfer.
Successful bidders using Live Auctioneers or Invaluable platforms will be charged a Buyer's Premium calculated as follows: 32% on the first $1,000,000 of the hammer price, plus 26% on any amount between $1,00,001 and $5,000,000, and 20% on any amount above $5,000,000 when paying by cash, check, or wire transfer.
Credit card payments will be subject to an additional 3% acceptance fee. This fee is not more than the cost of accepting these cards. Payments made through Live Auctioneers LivePayments are subject to an additional processing fee and any applicable state sales tax. Buyers outside the United States must submit payment via wire transfer. Credit cards are not an accepted form of payment for buyers outside the United States. Buyers are strongly encouraged to provide full payment at the auction. Payment must be received by Moran within five business days immediately following the auction. The buyer does not acquire title to and may not take possession of the lot until all amounts (including the hammer price, premium, and applicable taxes) due to Moran have been paid in full.
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c. Storage and Abandonment. Following the auction, uncollected lots shall be relocated to and stored in Moran's warehouse. Moran shall retain possession of all purchases until full payment has been received from the buyer. Lots remaining uncollected after the fifth business day following the sale, regardless of payment status, are subject to a per-lot daily storage charge of $10.00. In addition to other remedies available by law, Moran reserves the right to impose upon delinquent buyers a separate 1% monthly charge (of the purchase price, or the maximum permitted by law) commencing on the sixth business day after the sale date. If a buyer fails to retrieve a purchased lot within thirty (30) days after the date of sale (the "Retrieval Period"), Moran may, without further notice, (a) continue to store the lot in Moran's warehouse, or at the warehouse of a third-party, subject to the storage charge described above; (b) deliver the lot to the buyer at the buyer's expense; or (c) sell the lot at auction without reserve at a place and time determined by Moran in its sole discretion.
d. Consequences of Late Pick-Up/Abandoned Property. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Moran has no duty to store any lot indefinitely. Any purchased lot that remains in Moran's possession sixty (60) days after the Retrieval Period (collectively, ninety (90) days) will be deemed abandoned ("Abandoned Property") and title to it will pass to Moran. Moran may, in its sole discretion, discard or sell any Abandoned Property and may keep any proceeds from any such sale. Moran may not be held liable for any claims related to Abandoned Property. Moran is not responsible for damage or loss that occurs to Abandoned Property and Moran is not responsible for insuring Abandoned Property after the Retrieval Period.
e. Shipping. As a courtesy to buyers, Moran provides a list of preferred shippers who are in the business of transporting antiques and works of art. Buyers are responsible for arranging their own shipping estimates and deliveries. Moran, in its sole discretion and as a courtesy to buyers, may arrange to have purchased lots packed, insured, and forwarded by a third-party shipper at the request, expense, and risk of the buyer. In circumstances where Moran arranges for such third-party services, Moran may apply an administration charge of 15% of that service fee. Moran assumes no responsibility for acts or omissions in such packing or shipping by other packers or carriers, even if recommended by Moran. Moran also assumes no responsibility for any damage to picture frames or to the glass therein.
f. All Sales Final. Notwithstanding other terms mentioned herein, refunds may be given in Moran's sole discretion. Refunds requested on the grounds of authenticity must be made within 180 days of the auction and accompanied by a supporting written statement from a recognized authority (defined as a person who has authored, edited, or substantially contributed to a monograph on the artist; a person who has curated, organized, or substantially contributed to a solo exhibition on the artist; or a person who has represented the artist's estate or someone who represented or worked closely with the artist while they were alive and, in any of the foregoing instances, physically handled works of the period, medium, and subject matter in question during the course of their duties) stating that the object sold is incorrect or not the work of the artist. Dealers, appraisers, and representatives of other auction firms do not qualify as authenticators of individual artists unless they have had such specific involvement with that artist's work, as specified above, in addition to their daily duties. Refunded lots must be returned to Moran in the same condition as when sold. Moran does not grant extensions to refund considerations based upon authenticity due to shipping delays. There are no exceptions to this refund policy.

5. LIABILITY AND LIMITED WARRANTY
a. Liability. The buyer expressly agrees that (i) neither Moran nor the seller shall be liable, in whole or in part, for any special, indirect, or consequential damages, including, without limitation, loss of profits, and (ii) the buyer's damages, if any, are limited exclusively to the original purchase price paid for the lot.
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c. Descriptions. No warranty, whether express or implied, is made with respect to any description contained in this auction or any second opinion. Any description of the items or second opinion is for the courtesy of identifying the items for those bidders who do not have the opportunity to view the lots in person, and no description of items has been made part of the basis of the transaction or has created any express warranty that the goods would conform to any description made by the auctioneer. Color variations can be expected in any electronic or printed imaging and are not grounds for the return of any lot.
d. Estimates. All estimates provided are carefully considered opinions of Moran's specialists and are merely suggested guidelines for interested buyers. Buyers must be aware that all property sold is subject to fluctuating values depending on the subjective interests of collectors and a wide variety of other uncontrollable factors. The lots auctioned may sell at prices above, within, or below estimate.
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6. ADDITIONAL MATTERS
a. Copyright. The copyright on all images, illustrations, and written material produced by or for Moran for its auction is and will remain at all times the property of Moran. Moran and the seller make no representation or warranty that the buyer will acquire any copyright or reproduction rights to a purchased lot.
b. Buyer's Breach of Conditions. If a buyer fails to comply with any of these Terms, Moran may, in addition to asserting all remedies available by law, including the right to hold that buyer liable for the purchase price, (i) cancel the sale, retaining as liquidated damages any payment made by the buyer; (ii) resell the property without reserve at public auction or privately upon notice to the buyer; or (iii) take such other action as Moran deems necessary or appropriate. If Moran resells the property, the original defaulting buyer shall be liable for the payment of any deficiency between the original sale price and any subsequent mitigation sale, including warehousing, the expenses of both sales, reasonable attorney's fees, commissions, incidental damages, and all other charges due hereunder. In the event that such buyer pays a portion of the purchase price for any property, Moran's shall apply the payment received to such property that Moran, in its sole discretion, deems appropriate. Moran shall have the benefit of all rights of a secured party under the Uniform Commercial Code as adopted in the State of California.
c. Governing Law. The rights and obligations of the parties with respect to these Terms and the conduct of the auction shall be governed and interpreted by the laws of the State of California.
d. Arbitration. Any dispute, claim, or controversy arising out of or relating to these Terms or the breach, termination, enforcement, interpretation, or validity thereof, including the determination of the scope or applicability of this agreement to arbitrate, shall be determined by private arbitration before an arbitrator. The arbitration shall be administered by JAMS pursuant to its Comprehensive Arbitration Rules and Procedures. Judgment on the award may be entered in any court having jurisdiction.
This clause does not preclude the parties from seeking provisional remedies in aid of arbitration from a court of appropriate jurisdiction. The parties shall maintain the confidential nature of the arbitration proceeding and the award, including the hearing, except as may be necessary to prepare for or conduct the arbitration hearing on the merits, or except as may be necessary in connection with a court application for a preliminary remedy, a judicial challenge to an award or its enforcement, or unless otherwise required by law or judicial decision.
In any arbitration arising out of or related to these Terms, the arbitrator shall award to the prevailing party, if any, the costs and attorneys' fees reasonably incurred by the prevailing party in connection with the arbitration. If the arbitrator determines a Party to be the prevailing party under circumstances where the prevailing party won on some but not all of the claims and counterclaims, the arbitrator may award the prevailing party an appropriate percentage of the costs and attorneys' fees reasonably incurred by the prevailing party in connection with the arbitration.
e. Severability. Should any of these conditions be deemed unenforceable, invalid, or illegal in any court having jurisdiction, that part shall be severed from these Terms and shall have no effect on the enforceability of the remaining provisions contained herein, which shall remain valid to the fullest extent permitted by law.

CONTRACT

Except as otherwise stated, John Moran Auctioneers (Moran's) acts as agent for the seller. The contract for the sale of the property is therefore made between the seller and the buyer.

PAYMENT TERMS

Payment and Title Transfer. The buyer agrees to pay the sum of the hammer price plus Buyer's Premium, plus any applicable sales tax. The Buyer's Premium will be calculated as follows: 27% on the first $1,000,000 of the hammer price, plus 21% on any amount between $1,000,001 and $5,000,000, and 15% on any amount above $5,000,000 when paying by cash, check, or wire transfer.

Successful bidders using Live Auctioneers or Invaluable platforms will be charged a Buyer's Premium calculated as follows: 32% on the first $1,000,000 of the hammer price, plus 26% on any amount between $1,000,001 and $5,000,000, and 20% on any amount above $5,000,000 when paying by cash, check, or wire transfer.

Credit card payments will be subject to an additional 3% acceptance fee. This fee is not more than the cost of accepting these cards. Payments made through Live Auctioneers LivePayments are subject to an additional processing fee and any applicable state sales tax. Buyers outside the United States must submit payment via wire transfer. Credit cards are not an accepted form of payment for buyers outside the United States. Buyers are strongly encouraged to provide full payment at the auction. Payment must be received by Moran within five business days immediately following the auction.

The buyer does not acquire title to and may not take possession of the lot until all amounts (including the hammer price, premium, and applicable taxes) due to Moran have been paid in full.

SHIPPING TERMS

Shipping. As a courtesy to buyers, Moran provides a list of preferred shippers who are in the business of transporting antiques and works of art. Buyers are responsible for arranging their own shipping estimates and deliveries. Moran, in its sole discretion and as a courtesy to buyers, may arrange to have purchased lots packed, insured, and forwarded by a third-party shipper at the request, expense, and risk of the buyer. In circumstances where Moran arranges for such third-party services, Moran may apply an administration charge of 15% of that service fee. Moran assumes no responsibility for acts or omissions in such packing or shipping by other packers or carriers, even if recommended by Moran. Moran also assumes no responsibility for any damage to picture frames or to the glass therein.

BUYERS PREMIUM

The buyer agrees to pay the sum of the hammer price plus Buyer's Premium, plus any applicable sales tax. The Buyer's Premium will be calculated as follows: 27% on the first $1,000,000 of the hammer price, plus 21% on any amount between $1,000,001 and $5,000,000, and 15% on any amount above $5,000,000 when paying by cash, check, or wire transfer.

Successful bidders using Live Auctioneers or Invaluable platforms will be charged a Buyer's Premium calculated as follows: 32% on the first $1,000,000 of the hammer price, plus 26% on any amount between $1,00,001 and $5,000,000, and 20% on any amount above $5,000,000 when paying by cash, check, or wire transfer.

TAXES

Applicable state sales tax applies unless a valid resale license is provided.

CONDITION

Buyer's Responsibility. Buyers are responsible for determining to their own satisfaction the true nature and condition of any lot prior to bidding. Though buyers are not legally required to inspect lots prior to purchase, failure to do so may constitute a waiver of complaint that an item was not delivered in a condition equal to the existent condition at the auction.

Property Sold "As Is": Neither Moran nor the seller provides any guarantee in relation to the nature of the property, or to any errors or omissions in the catalogue or supplemental material, apart from the Limited Warranty stated in Section 5 below. ALL PROPERTY IS SOLD "AS IS." Condition reports are offered as a courtesy and are typically published in Moran's catalogue, or online, or can be made available upon request. The absence of a condition report does not imply than an item is free from defects or restoration, nor does reference to particular defects imply the absence of others.